A novel in-plane mode rotary ultrasonic motor

Ultrasonic motors have the merits of high ratio of torque to volume, high positioning precision, intrinsic holding torque, etc., compared to the conventional electromagnetic motors. There have been several potential applications for this type of motor in aerospace exploration, but bearings and bonding mechanism of the piezoelectric ring in the motors limit the performance of them in the space operation conditions. It is known that the Langevin type transducer has excel- lent energy efficiency and reliability. Hence using the Langevin type transducer in ultrasonic motors may improve the reliability of piezoelectric motors for space applications. In this study, a novel in-plane mode rotary ultrasonic motor is designed, fabricated, and characterized. The proposed motor operates in in-plane vibration mode which is excited by four Langevin-type bending vibra- tors separately placed around a ring-shaped stator. Two tapered rotors are assembled to the inner ring of the stator and clamped together by a screw nut. In order to make the motor more stable and convenient to fix, a thin cylindrical support is placed under the stator ring. Due to its no-bearing structure and Langevin transducer excitation, the prototype ultrasonic motor may operate well in aeronautic and astronautic environments.     

基于相控阵超声的铝合金熔焊缝缺陷深度定位技术研究

传统的射线照相检测技术仍是铝合金熔焊缝缺陷的主要检测方式,由于传统射线照相检测无法测量缺陷在焊缝高度方向上的尺寸和位置,在缺陷的定位和排除方面存在不足,从而加大缺陷排除的工作量,甚至由于缺陷排除方向错误造成焊缝挖穿,影响补焊质量.相控阵超声检测技术通过接收缺陷回波来实现缺陷检测,可以反映缺陷的尺寸和位置信息.本文采用Omni Scan MX相控阵超声检测仪和5L64-A2相控阵探头针对对比试块、铝合金熔焊缝缺陷进行了定位技术研究,并与缺陷微观测量、宏观测量的结果进行对比,结果表明基于相控阵超声检测的铝合金熔焊缝缺陷深度定位检测结果与微观检测结果基本一致,可以采用相控阵超声检测技术进行铝合金熔焊缝缺陷深度定位.     

薄板焊缝中超声TOFD检测方法浅析

回顾了超声TOFD检测方法,分析了超声TOFD近表面盲区的形成原因和3种改善近表面检测盲区的方法,包括TOFDW、S-TOFD以及基于希尔伯特黄变换的缺陷信号处理方法,并进行了典型的检测试验分析。利用TOFDW方法,TOFD表面检测盲区可达2mm。     

检波器谐振频率数学模型及其频响误差的修正

峰值检波器的频响误差在高频段主要是由分布参数产生的高频谐振误差。本文利用实测数据建立了检波器谐振频率数学模型，根据模型的预测值对检波器和了频响误差修正。计量检定表明修正后的频响误差大大减小。     

用阻抗均匀过渡法研制高分辨力换能器

分辨力是超声探伤用换能器的关键指标，本文从理论和实验两方面探讨了如何利用机械阻抗均匀过渡法提高换能器分辨力的有关问题。     

Electrochemical micromachining of microgroove arrays on phosphor bronze surface for improving the tribological performance

A high friction coefficient and a low wear rate of contacted surfaces are essential elements to friction pairs between the stator and the rotor in ultrasonic motors. It has been shown that surface textures have a significant effect on improving the tribological performance of friction pairs.In this paper, microgroove arrays are introduced to the stator surface for improving the tribological performance of friction pairs between the stator and the rotor in ultrasonic motors. Microgrooves were fabricated on a phosphor bronze surface by through-mask electrochemical micromachining(TMEMM). Parameters, namely, the electrolyte inlet pressure, applied voltage, pulse duty cycle,and frequency, were varied to investigate their influences on the dimensions and morphology of the microgrooves. Results showed that the width and depth of the microgrooves were strongly affected by the applied voltage and frequency, while the morphology of the microgrooves was dependent on the electrolyte inlet pressure and the pulse duty cycle. Compared with a smooth surface, the friction coefficient increased from 0.245 to 0.334 and less abrasion was obtained when a surface was textured with microgrooves of which the width and depth were 185.6 and 57.6 lm,respectively. Microgroove arrays might play an important role in enhancing the performance of ultrasonic motors.     

一种用于 ACAS 的相位校准方法

校准是用于 ACAS 发射机的一项关键技术,本文给出了一种新的基于比相的实时校准方法,去除了发射通道幅度对通道相位差的影响,介绍了该方法的原理,并在 FPGA 硬件平台上完成了该方法的仿真和验证,通过实测数据的分析与处理,证明了这种方法的可行性     

低轨星载粒子探测器布局优化研究

基于卫星工具包(STK)、MATLAB软件和国际地磁参考场(IGRF)模型,对粒子探测器在低轨卫星任务中的投掷角测量范围进行了仿真,并给出了其探测器的星上布局优化方法。研究结果表明:粒子探测器的星上布局选择与任务的探测目标相关。如果探测目标是束缚在磁场中作弹跳运动的粒子,应将探测器在朝向卫星轨道坐标系±Y轴的基础上向卫星的前进方向偏转;如果探测目标是处于损失锥中的沉降粒子,应将探测器在朝向卫星轨道坐标系-Y轴的基础上向天顶方向偏转;为实现全投掷角探测范围的探测,要使用多个探测器通过构型布局优化进行联合探测。文章提出的投掷角测量范围分析与优化方法,可推广到多种轨道高度的粒子探测卫星总体设计中,为提升卫星的总体分析设计水平提供支持。     

近月空间带电粒子环境——“嫦娥1号”“嫦娥2号”观测结果

“嫦娥1号”（CE-1）、“嫦娥2号”（CE-2）都安装了1台太阳高能粒子探测器（High-energetic ParticlesDetectors,HPD）和2台太阳风离子探测器（Solar Wind Ion Detectors,SWIDs）,进行了月球轨道200 km和100 km空间环境探测,获得了月球轨道空间高能带电粒子（质子、电子和重离子）能谱随时间的演化特征、等离子体与月球相互作用特征以及太阳风离子速度、密度和温度参量。空间环境探测数据分析结果表明：太阳活动低年、空间环境扰动水平相对较低、月球处于太阳风中时,近月空间带电粒子环境的基本特征与行星际空间相比变化不大。CE-1、CE-2在轨运行期间,发现了多起0.1～2 MeV能量电子急剧增加事件,这些事件发生在月球从太阳风运动到磁尾的所有空间区域,其中20%的事件伴随着卫星周围等离子体离子加速。模拟和统计研究表明：能量电子急剧增加使得绕月卫星和月球表面电位大幅下降导致了离子加速现象的发生;能量电子总流量大于10¹¹ cm^-2时,绕月卫星和月球表面充电电位可达负的上千伏。此外,月表溅射与反射太阳风离子、太阳风“拾起”离子等空间环境事件的发现,揭示了太阳风离子和月球存在复杂的相互作用过程。     

太赫兹焦平面阵列成像技术综述

太赫兹焦平面阵列成像技术是指以太赫兹波为载波或信息来源,以焦平面阵列为主体架构,兼具全天时全天候、凝视前视、高分辨率、实时视频成像等优点的先进探测感知技术,是太赫兹技术领域重要研究方向。首先回顾了太赫兹探测感知技术的发展历程与现状,重点介绍了几类典型太赫兹探测感知系统。然后,重点聚焦太赫兹焦平面阵列成像技术,分别介绍了太赫兹低频段(1 THz)和太赫兹高频段(1 THz)焦平面阵列国内外现状。最后,对像素级太赫兹探测器的一般性概念和发展趋势进行了总结和展望。